Pe-engineered steel buildings are a steel structures built over a structural concept of primary members, secondary members, roof and wall sheeting connected to each other and various other building components.
These buildings can be provided with different structural and non-structural additions such as skylights, wall lights, turbo vents, ridge ventilators, louvers, roof monitors, doors & windows, trusses, mezzanine floors, fascias, canopies, crane systems, insulation etc., based on the customer's requirements. All the steel buildings are custom designed to be lighter in weight and high in strength.
(2)Model of pre-engineered steel buildings (3)Applications of pre-engineered steel buildings Pre-Engineered Buildings are the most flexible solutions for contractors and owners. With the advantages of low cost, high durability, perfect quality control and fast erection; PEBs are used for various applications such as factories, warehouses, logistics center, showrooms, shopping malls, schools, hospitals, community buildings, etc… The application of PEBs: Industrial:Factories, Workshop, Warehouses, Cold Storages, Steel Mills, Assembly Plant Commercial: Showrooms, Supermarkets, Offices, Shopping Centers, Exhibition Halls, Restaurants, Logistic Centers, Multi-pupose Buildings Public:Schools,Hospitals,Conference Halls,Laboratories,Museums, Stadiums
(4)Why should we choose pre-engineered steel buildings?
1. Cost Savings
Price per square meter can be 25%-30% lower than conventional steel buildings. Site erection cost is low because of faster erection times and easier erection process.
2. Quick Erection
All steel components are fabricated at the factory and linked by bolts at the site. So the erection process is fast, step by step, easy to install and requires simple equipment.60% less construction time required comparedwith the tradtional R.C.C(reinforced concrete) building.
3. Flexibility
Pre-engineered steel buildings are flexible in any requirement of design, easy to expand in the future and also economically with low transportation costs.
4. Energy Efficiency
Nowadays, pre-engineered buildings are the green solution for the environment with CO2 reduction, energy efficiency, and recyclability.
(5)Components of a pre-engineered steel building: Pre-engineered metal buildings consists of following components:
Primary Members / Main Frames
Secondary Members / Cold Formed Members
Roof & Wall Panels
Accessories, Buyouts, Crane System, Mezzanine System, Insulation, etc.
Sandwich Panels
PRIMARY MEMBERS / MAIN FRAMES Primary members are the main load carrying and support members of a pre-engineered building. The main frame members include columns, rafters and other supporting members. The shape and size of these members vary based on the application and requirements.
SECONDARY MEMBERS / COLD FORMED MEMBERS
Secondary structural framing refers to purlins, girts, eave struts, wind bracing, flange bracing, base angles, clips and other miscellaneous structural parts. Purlins, girts and eave struts are cold formed steel members which have a minimum yield strength of 345 MPa (50,000 psi) and will conform to the physical specifications of GB/ISO/CE or equivalent.
ROOF & WALL SHEETS/PANELS Standard steel panels are 0.3,0.4 0.5 mm or 0.6 mm thick and have a minimum yield strength of 345 MPa. Steel panels are hot dipped and galvanized with zinc or zinc-aluminium coating. The base material is pretreated, before applying a corrosion resistant primer and top coat. The combined thickness of the painted film is 25 microns on the front side and 12 microns on the reverse side.
OTHER BUILDING ACCESSORIES Other building accessories include anchor bolts, fasteners(bolts, nuts, turnbuckle, expansion bolts), gutters, downspouts,doors, windows,ventilators,skylight panels,louvers and all other building-related materials.
(6)Manufacturing programm and method statement on the steel structure: The purpose of method statement is to describe the guidelines and methodology followed by our company during the fabrication, blasting, painting and supply of pre-engineered structure for any of steel building project.
A:Material receiving procedure:
Verify the receiving documents and quantity of the received material by stores. Submit the load for QC inspection by stores. As a first inspection QC shall perform Visual inspection to confirm the surface condition and for any damages including the condition of packing and wrapping. QC shall perform the dimensional inspection if the material found accepted in visual inspection and the material will be returned to supplier if it is rejected. In the dimensional inspection, QC shall check the all over dimensions such as length, width, depth, thickness etc. Once the material is accepted in dimensional inspection, the supporting documents like MTC will be verified by QC to ensure that the heat number in the material is matching with the heat number in the received material. QC shall prepare the Incoming Material Inspection Report as per the inspections carried out above.
B:Preparation of material
Design and Development department will make the drawings of the structural of project. As per the drawings, production department will prepare the items. The preparation of items is divided into two. PREPARATION OFPLATES The drawings shall be transferred to the any storage device using the expert software. These drawings shall be copied into the plate processing machine. According to the drawings, the preparation of the items shall be carried out. The automated machine will sense the length of the plate and carry out plate processing according to the fed NC files in expert software. Punching of part mark on the plate will do first. Drilling of the plates will done as per the NC files in the machine. Plasma cutting of the plates will be done finally. PREPARATION OF BEAMS/TUBESetc. Thefabricationdrawingsshallbepreparedbydesigndepartmentandwillbe fed into the automated cutting and drilling machine. Next the automated machine will do drilling where ever required as mentioned in the drawings. After completing the cutting and drilling process the job shall be transferred from drilling machine to fit-up section.
C:Fit-up
The fabrication drawings shall be issued by the production engineer to the production supervisor for execution priority wise These drawings shall be given to the fabricators for fit-up of job. The prepared beams and other connection detail items shall be collected by the fabricators for fit-up of the job. The other items such as end plates, gusset plates, stiffeners, purlin cleats, stay angle cleats etc. shall be fixed in the appropriate places which are mentioned in the fabrication drawing by tack welding. Once the fit-up of the job shall complete, the production dept. will offer to QC dept. for inspection.
D:Welding&grinding
PROCEDURE-SUBMERGED ARCWELDING The production supervisor shall plan the jobs to be welded. Only the items that are fitted and accepted by QC shall be taken for welding. Clean the location where the welding has to be done free of dust, oil, grease etc. Set the wire feed and voltage for welding. The fillet size shall not exceed more than the smaller thickness of the part unless otherwise specified in the drawing. The fillet size parameters will be maintained according to the chart displayed in the welding area which is prepared based onGB50661-2011 standard After welding, remove the spatters and slag completely. Grind off the burrs, sharp edges and excessive reinforcements. Offer to QC forinspection. PROCEDURE-MIGWELDING The production supervisor shall plan the jobs to bewelded. Only the items that are fitted and accepted by QC shall be taken forwelding. Clean the location where the welding has to be done free of dust, oil, grease etc. Set the wire feed and voltage forwelding. The fillet size shall not exceed more than the smaller thickness of the part unless otherwise specified in thedrawing. The fillet size parameters will be maintained according to the chartdisplayed in the welding area which is prepared based onGB50661-2011standard After welding, remove the spatters and slagcompletely. Grind off the burrs, sharp edges and excessivereinforcements. Offer to QC forinspection. E:Blasting HANDLING & PREPARATION OF MATERIAL PRIOR TOBLASTING Prior to any work commencing, Tool Box Talk shall be performed by Foreman for every task involved in the automated blasting and manual blasting phase. The working area shall be barricaded with information notices posted to alert passersby of the operation within. The ID of fabricated steel to be blasted shall be recorded by Foreman on a shift to shift basis for the purposes of traceability. Rawmaterialsteelsectionstobeblastedshallbecranedontothe"in-feed"rack.The"in-feed" rackshallbecustombuiltandlevelwiththerollersoftheconveyor.Allriggingshallbeplanned before the list of items. All personnel involved shall be suitable trained and qualified for the job they aredoing. Oncetherawmaterialissatonthe"in-feed"rack,itmaybecleanedwithhighpressureairto remove dust in the surface of theitem. LOADING THE IN-FEEDCONVEYOR Once cleaned, the material is fed into the chamber of the automated machine through the conveyor.Thechamberconsistsofbothin&outletvestibules,onwhichhungrubbercurtains, which serve to prevent the escape of abrasives during the blastingprocess. AUTOMATED BLASTING OF RAWMATERIAL The operator of the machine will be trained in its use. During the commissioning phase, the vendor will train the selected personnel in the safe use and maintenance of the machine. These individuals alone will be allowed to run the machine's control panel. In the central blast chamber proper, six internally mounted wheels rotate at high speed, throwing the steel shotworking mixture at high velocity directly onto the steel substrate, which is the actual blasting activity. As the structural beams move slowly through the chamber, it emerges through the exit vestibule fully cleaned (Grade - SA 2/2.5). Operatives shall not handle or touch the beams during the blasting process. Once fully exited, it is again manually rolled back off the conveyor onto an "out-feed rack" ready for priming. All personnel working with the automated blasting machine shall wear full PPE in addition to ear protection when in the immediate vicinity of the machine. Signage shall be posted at the machine reminding personnel to comply with these requirements.
F:Painting of fabricated material
Application of paint shall normally be done once per day in the afternoon, once the day's scheduled blasting work is complete. Prior to the application of the primer, the QC shall inspect the blasted surfaces to check the required standards in the approved ITP have been met. Any area(s) deemed to have fallen short of the required standard will require re-blasting either by being driven through the blast chamber again, or by Injection blast gun if possible, whilst still on the out-feed rack. Any 'sweep' blast done by mini pot will utilize copper slag as the abrasive. Once the blasted surface has been accepted by QC, application of the primer can commence, provided ambient conditions checks prove satisfactory. These must be checked and recorded before any and every application. In order for coatings to proceed, the surface must be at least 3˚C above the dew point temperature, and the relative humidity must be 85% or below. Surface must be dry and free from oil, grease and soluble salts, protrusions, sharp edges, or visible laminations, and not exceed 40˚C in temperature. Application Before application QC should do the inspection of the atmospheric conditions according to GB50205-2001 Standard Grade: Air Temperature 5-40 ºC Substrate Temperature 23-40 ºC Relative Humidity 50-85 %